-- Bibliography -- 

 Hayek and 'Methodological Individualism'

(Warning:  Although most of the literature on 'methodological individualism' in Anglo-American discussions descends directly from Friedrich Hayek's work of the early 1940's, the literature on Hayek & 'methodological individualism' is particularly ill-informed and misleading on the topic of Friedrich Hayek's picture of the explanatory strategy and logical character of economics & social theory.  The literature, beginning with that of Karl Popper and John Watkins, and proceeding to the current day, propagates deep misunderstandings of the character of Hayek's account.  All of this has continued to generate a deeply confused literature, notorious for its muddles and failures.)

Books.

Agassi, Joseph. 1988. The Gentle Art of Philosophical Polemics. La Salle: Open Court.

!Blaug, Mark.  1980.  The Methodology of Economics.  Cambridge:  Cambridge U. Press.

Danto, A.  1965.  Analytical Philosophy of History.  Cambridge:  Cambridge U. Press.

Elster, Jon.  1986.  Making Sense of Marx.  Cambridge:  Cambridge U. Press.

Elster, Jon.  1989.  The Cement of Society.  Cambridge:  Cambridge U. Press.

Hausman, Daniel.  1992.  The Inexact and Seperate Science of Economics.  Cambridge: Cambridge U. Press.

Hutchison, Terence. 1988. Before Adam Smith: The Emergence of Political Economy, 1662-1776. London: Basil Blackwell.

!Nagel, Ernest. 1961. The Structure of Science. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.

!*Popper, Karl.  1945.  The Open Society and Its Enemies.  Princeton:  Princeton U. Press. Also, Fifth revised edition, 1966.

!Popper, Karl.  1957.  The Poverty of Historicism.  London:  Routledge & Kegan Paul.

*Rutherford, Malcolm.  1994.  Institutions in Economics:  The Old and the New Institutionalism.  Cambridge:  Cambridge U. Press.

Vanberg, Viktor.  1994.  Rules and Choice in Economics.  London:  Routledge.

Collected Essays.

O'Neill, John.  1973.  Modes of Individualism and Collectivism.  New York:  St. Martin's Press.

Articles.

Arrow, Kenneth. 1984. "The Economy as Order and Disorder". In Disorder and Order, edited by Paisley Livingston, 162-172.

!Arrow, Kenneth. 1994. "Methodological Individualism and Social Knowledge". AEA Papers and Proceedings. (May): 1-9.

Bianchi, Marina.  1994.  "Hayek's Spontaneous Order:  The 'Correct' versus the 'Corrigible' Society".  In Hayek, Co-Ordination and Evolution, edited by Jack Birner & Rudy van Zijp.  London:  Routledge.

Brodbeck, May.  1954.  "On the Philosophy of the Social Sciences". Philosophy of Science. Vol. 21:  140-156.  Collected in Modes of Individualism and Collectivism, John O'Neill, 91-110.  New York:  St. Martin's Press, 1973.

Danto, A.C.  1963.  "The Historical Individual".  Filosifia.  Vol. 14, No. 1:  3-24.  Reprinted as "The Historical Individual" in Philosophical Analysis and History, edited by William Dray, 265-298.  Westport:  Greenwood Press.

Galeotti, Anna Elisabetta. 1987. "Individualism, Social Rules, Tradition: The Case of Friedrich A. Hayek". Political Theory. Vol. 15. (May): 1987.

Gellner, Ernst.  1956.  "Holism versus Individualism in History and Sociology".  Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society.

!Hacohen, Malachi Haim.  1996.  "Karl Popper in Exile:  The Viennese Progressive Imagination and the Making of The Open Society".  Philosophy of Social Science.  Vol. 26, No. 4 (Dec.): 452-492.

Hoover, Kevin D. 1995. "Is Macroeconomics for Real?"  The Monist. Vol. 78, No. 3: 235-257.

Levy, David. M. 1985. "The Impossibility of a Complete Methodological Individualist:  Reduction When Knowledge is Imperfect". Economics and Philosophy. Vol. 1: 101-108.

Lukes, Steven.  1968.  "Methodological Individualism Reconsidered".  British Journal of Sociology.  Vol. 19, No. 2.:  119-129.

Madison, G. B. 1990. "How Individualistic is Methodological Individualism?". Critical Review. (Winter-Spring): 41-60.

Mandelbaum, Maurice.  1955.  "Societal Facts".  British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.

Mandelbaum, Maurice.  1957.  "Societal Laws".  British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.  Vol. 8, No. 31.  (Nov.):  211-224.  Reprinted in Philosophical Analysis and History, edited by William Dray, 330-3346.  Westport:  Greenwood Press.

O'Neill, John.  1973.  "Scientism, Historicism and the Problem of Rationality".  In Modes of Individualism and Collectivism, John O'Neill, 3-26.  New York:  St. Martin's Press, 1973.

!Nozick, Robert. 1977. "On Austrian Methodology". Synthese, 36(3), (Nov.): 353-92.

!Popper, Karl.  1944.  "The Poverty of Historicism, II:  A Criticism of Historicist Methods". Economica.  (Aug.):  119-137.

!Popper, Karl.  1945.  "The Poverty of Historicism, III". Economica.  (May):  69-89.

*Ransom, Greg. 1996. "The Significance of Myth and Misunderstanding in Social Science Narrative: Opening Access to Friedrich Hayek's Copernican Revolution in Economics". Working Paper, UC-Riverside. http://members.aol.com/gregransom/hayekmyth.htm

Rudner, Richard.  1954.  "Philosophy and Social Science".  Philosophy of Science.  Vol. 21: 164-241.  Collected in Modes of Individualism and Collectivism, John O'Neill, 119-124. New York:  St. Martin's Press, 1973.

Scott, K. J. 1961. "Methodological and Epistemological Individualism". British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. Vol. 11. (Feb.): 331-335.   Collected in Modes of Individualism and Collectivism, John O'Neill, 215-220.  New York:  St. Martin's Press, 1973.

Sensat, Julius.  1988.  "Methodological Individualism and Marxism".  Economics and Philosophy.  Vol. 4:  189-219.

Tannsjo, Torbjorn.  1990.  "Methodological Individualism".  Inquiry.  Vol.  33:  69-80.

!Watkins, John. 1953. "Ideal Types and Historical Explanation". In Readings in The Philosophy of Science, edited by Herbert Feigl & May Brodbeck, 723-743. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc.  Revised and expanded from 1952 British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 3, 1952.

Watkins, John.  1957.  "Historical Explanation in the Social Sciences".  British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.  Reprinted in Theories of History, edited by Patrick Gardiner.  Glencoe:  The Free Press.

!Weintraub, E. Roy. 1990. "Methodology Doesn't Matter, But the History of Though Might". In The State of Macroeconomics, edited by Seppo Honkapohja, 263-279. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

© 1996-1998. Greg Ransom